Mau Masuk UNY, Berikut Contoh Soal SNBT 2023 Materi Literasi Bahasa Inggris

3. To whom is the text likely addressed?

A. People living around elderly

B. Families staying with elderly

C. Retired who recently left his job

D. Senior citizen living alone on the outskirts of town

E. Employers have old workers in their companies

Jawaban: A. People living around elderly

Pembahasan

Pertanyaannya menanyakan sasaran/target pembaca teks.

Secara umum, teks bacaan berkaitan dengan perasaan kesepian dan isolasi sosial lansia yang berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan mereka.

Oleh karena itu, kelompok sasaran teks ini adalah mereka yang tinggal dekat dengan lansia sekaligus memperhatikan kondisi lansia. Oleh karena itu, Opsi A benar.

The questions number 4 - 5 are based on the following passage.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused bya bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper respiratory tract (nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following infection, the incubation period (the time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the eyelids and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible. The nictitating membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially across the eye. One or both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker and is usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s) closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection may spread to the lungs and cause fatal pneumonia.

4. What does the text mainly deal with?

A. The process of chlamydia affliction in cats

B. An overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

C. Clinical signs of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

D. The symptoms of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

E. Treatments for cats with chlamydia conjunctivitis

Jawaban: B. An overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan topik utama yang dibicarakan dalam teks bacaan. Topik utama suatu teks dapat disimpulkan dari informasi yang disampaikan pada paragraf-paragrafnya.

Paragraf pertama menyampaikan definisi dari feline chlamydial conjunctivitis, organ tubuh sasarannya, penularannya, dan masa inkubasinya.

Paragraf kedua menyampaikan proses infeksi bakterinya dan akibat-akibat yang ditimbulkannya.

Paragraf ketiga menyampaikan gejala-gejala yang terlihat pada kucing yang terkena penyakit tersebut.

Topik utama teks adalah topik yang mencakup semua informasi tersebut dan, dari lima pilihan jawaban yang tersedia, pilihan yang dapat mencakup semua poin informasi di atas adalah adalah an overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis sehingga pilihan B tepat.

Pilihan A tidak tepat karena topik pada pilihan ini hanya mencakup informasi pada paragraf ketiga saja.

Pilihan C dan D tidak tepat karena topik-topik pada kedua pilihan ini hanya mencakup informasi pada paragraf kedua dan sedikit informasi pada paragraf ketiga saja.

Pilihan E tidak tepat karena topik pada pilihan ini sama sekali tidak dibicarakan dalam teks.

5. In the second paragraph, the word inflammation most nearly means.....

A. rash

B. bruise

C. scrape

D. swelling

E. soreness

Jawaban: D. soreness

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan kata yang memiliki makna paling dekat dengan kata inflammation.

Kata inflammation terdapat pada kalimat 2 paragraf 2, yaitu The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis yang memiliki arti 'Infeksi menyebabkan inflammation disebut juga konjungtivitis'. Untuk mengetahui infeksi yang dimaksud, perhatikan kalimat sebelumnya. Pada kalimat tersebut, dijelaskan bahwa infeksi yang disebutkan adalah infeksi konjungtiva oleh bakteri. Kalimat 3 menjelaskan konjungtivitis (infeksi konjungtiva) yang membuat konjungtiva berwarna merah dan menebal. Dengan kata lain, infeksi ini menyebabkan pembengkakan sehingga kata inflammation berarti 'pembengkakan'. Kata yang memiliki makna yang paling mendekati adalah kata swelling (pembengkakan).

Kata rash berarti 'ruam', bruise berarti 'luka memar', scrape berarti 'goresan luka', dan soreness berarti 'rasa sakit'.

The questions number 6 - 8 are based on the following passage.

Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and “slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.

Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the 20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000 earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to property.

6. What is the author’s attitude towards the topic of the passage?

A. Concerned

B. Critical

C. Informative

D. Satisfied

E. Optimistic

Jawaban: C. Informative

Pembahasan:

Soal menanyakan sikap penulis terhadap teks tersebut.

Sikap penulis dalam wacana dinyatakan dengan kata sifat, seperti yang terlihat pada pilihan-pilihan yang tersedia di atas. Agar dapat menentukan kata sifat yang tepat, pembaca perlu memperhatikan hal-hal seperti pilihan kata, jenis kalimat baik kalimat fakta atau opini, asumsi, kesimpulan, dan keberpihakan penulis baik yang tersurat maupun tersirat dalam tulisannya.

Teks bacaan menunjukan bahwa topik pembicaraan penulis ialah peristiwa gempa bumi. Pada paragraf pertama, penulis memberikan definisi dan menjelaskan proses terjadinya gempa bumi. Pada paragraf selanjutnya, penulis berbicara mengenai bidang keilmuan seismologi serta terobosan yang dicapainya.

Pada kedua paragraf itu, penulis secara konsisten memakai kalimat-kalimat yang bersifat fakta. Tak hanya itu, tidak ada kalimat, frasa, atau kata yang memperlihatkan reaksi pribadi penulis terhadap topik yang dibicarakannya. Dari lima pilihan kata sifat yang tersedia di wacana, kata informative adalah kata yang paling tepat menggambarkan sikap penulis.

7. What will happen when seismic waves pass through Earth’s rocks?

A. It will answer why and how earthquakes occur.

B. It may cause an earthquake.

C. It will store some form of energy in Earth’s crust.

D. The masses of rock will slip.

E. It may produce seismic waves.

Jawaban: B. It may cause an earthquake

Pembahasan:

Soal di atas menanyakan hal yang akan terjadi ketika gelombang seismik melewati batuan bumi.

Informasi mengenai gelombang seismik dapat ditemukan dalam paragraf pertama. Disebutkan bahwa gempa bumi 'adalah setiap guncangan tiba-tiba dari tanah yang disebabkan oleh lewatnya gelombang seismik melalui batuan bumi.' Berdasarkan defenisi itu,  dapat disimpulkan bahwa jika lempengan bumi menerima gelombang seismik, gempa bumi akan terjadi.

8. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses.....

A. suggestions to emerge the seismology to detect the earthquake

B. examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake

C. the development of seismology to identify the earthquake earlier

D. factors that cause the earthquake and seismic wave

E. the reason why we need the seismology

Jawaban: B. examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake

Pembahasan:

Soal tersebut menanyakan mengenai topik yang kemungkinan besar dibahas pada paragraf selanjutnya setelah teks tersebut.

Di dalam sebuah wacana, topik sebuah paragraf lanjutan harus padu dengan topik paragraf sebelumnya. Untuk menguji kepaduan tersebut, pembaca bisa melihat pada bagian penutup paragraf dan bagian awal paragraf selanjutnya. Kepaduan dua paragraf itu akan terlihat dari bagian-bagian tersebut.

Bagian penutup paragraf terakhir di teks bacaan merupakan kalimat over the centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to property. Kalimat penutup tersebut berbicara tentang akibat gempa, yakni hilangnya nyawa manusia dan kerusakan-kerusakan properti. Dari kelima pilihan topik yang tersedia, topik yang paling tepat dengan kalimat itu adalah examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake. Paragraf dengan topik tersebut akan menjadi paragraf yang tepat dengan paragraf terakhir dalam teks wacana.

The questions number 9 - 10 are based on the following passage.

TEXT 1

You’ve been working and saving for decades for just this moment: retirement. Even though you may be ready to stop working full-time, now comes the hard part: letting yourself use your savings, since you no longer will be bringing in that paycheck, which until now has covered your monthly expenses. Making the psychological shift from saver to spender is no small effort for most people.

“Now you have this lump sum and have to draw it down. For some it’s almost physically painful,” said David John, a senior strategic policy advisor. Unpredictable factors like market performance, life expectancy and health issues make spending your money easier said than done. That’s why people may be hesitant to tap their savings because they think, “I have X dollars and it has to last me my whole life, but I have a very uncertain future. So, if I touch that I’m putting myself at risk.”

Research shows that among retirees with savings, many do not draw down very much, choosing instead to live off fixed sources of funds, such as Social Security or pensions or income from part-time work they take up. A study found that the vast majority of retirees in America still have at least 80 % of their savings after two decades in retirement. No doubt this is partly because they are among the last generation of workers to benefit from corporate pensions.

The psychological reluctance to tap one’s savings is a factor for most people regardless of their financial condition. It may become more acute for soon-to-be retirees as they face inflation, unstable markets and a lack of pensions, John said. They’re trying to figure out who they are now that their primary career is over and figuring out what they can and can’t do financially

TEXT 2

It’s hard to manage your money well in retirement unless you’re realistic about what you have. The first thing to do is to make a budget and sketch out a plan to cover your expenses.

Before retiring, keep track of your spending and regular expenses, like housing, food, health care, etc. Then assess how those expenses might change in retirement (e.g., if you plan to move to a less expensive home or area; and if your insurance costs will be subsidized by your old employer).

You should also consider paying for a child’s wedding, buying a car, or taking a major vacation. Then assess what fixed income you will have come in (e.g., Social Security or pension payments). The difference between your expected spending and your fixed income is the amount you will need to draw from your savings.

It would also help to consult with a professional. A financial advisor can help you strategize how to manage and use your money in the years ahead. The one common feeling is that people say they are overwhelmed with all the choices they need to make to live off their savings in retirement. With the different types of accounts many have, the potential for penalties and higher taxes if withdrawals are taken incorrectly and sorting out how their investments may need to shift for retirement income, it can be a lot for a new retiree to get their head around.

9. What is the main idea of Text 1?

A. Life uncertainty is happening among newly retired people in America

B. There are some reasons why retirees use their savings

C. The retirees’ financial condition affects how much they are willing to spend their   savings

D. Most retirees in America do not use their savings a lot in retirement

E. How the newly retired people spend their savings is quite similar

Jawaban: D. Most retirees in America do not use their savings a lot in retirement

Pembahasan: A is wrong because this is only specific information

B is wrong because there is no information about this in the text

C is wrong because the information is contrary to the statement in the text

D is correct because this is what the author wants to say to the readers

E is wrong because there is no information about this in the text

10. Which of the following best restates the second sentence in Paragraph 1 in Text 2?

A. Covering all costs is the first thing to plan in relation to budget expenses

B. Preparing a budget and drafting a plan of your costs is the first thing you should carry out

C. Planning and calculating the budget expenses is the first thing to be carried out

D. Drafting your plan that includes your costs should be done first to prepare a good budget

E. Budgeting and planning should be prepared first to be able to pay your costs

Jawaban: B. Preparing a budget and drafting a plan of your costs is the first thing you should carry out

Pembahasan: A, C, D and E have a different meaning from the sentence in the text.

(cr31/tribun-medan.com)